Repositorio Académico UPC

Sr. Editor. El desarrollo de una tesis es una modalidad para obtener el grado académico de bachiller o el título profesional de médico cirujano en las universidades peruanas. En su desarrollo, los estudiantes suelen presentar dificultades originadas por deficiencias en sus conocimientos acerca de metodología de la investigación, lectura crítica y redacción científica (1). Por este motivo, se han detectado faltas éticas en el desarrollo de las tesis, como la presencia de plagio (2). Para poder superar estas limitaciones, los estudiantes pueden buscar asesoría metodológica, estadística, o relativa al campo del conocimiento en el cual se centra su investigación. Sin embargo, en nuestro quehacer académico como estudiantes y docentes hemos escuchado el testimonio de estudiantes de pregrado a quienes se les ha ofrecido la elaboración completa de proyectos e informes finales de tesis, listos para la debida sustentación, bajo la figura de “asesoría”. Dichas ofertas fueron hechas de manera indi...

A bibliometric study was carried out to describe the scientific production on cancer written by peruvians and published in international health journals, as well as to assess the scientific collaboration networks. It included articles on cancer written in Peru between the years 2000 and 2011 and published in health journals indexed in SCOPUS or Science Citation Index Expanded. In the 358 articles identified, an increase in the production was seen, from 4 articles in 2000 to 57 in 2011.The most studied types were cervical cancer (77 publications); breast cancer (53), and gastric cancer (37). The National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (INEN) was the most productive institution (121 articles) and had the highest number of collaborations (180 different institutions). 52 clinical trials were identified, 29 of which had at least one author from INEN. We can conclude that, cancer research is increasing in Peru, the INEN being the most productive institution, with an important parti...

Background: Learning research skills should be a goal during undergraduate training of physicians. Aim: To identify Latin American medical students’ appraisal on research skills university training. Material and Methods: A self-administered survey about experience in research, self-assessment of research skills, quality of training in the area received at the university and that importance of publishing as undergraduate students, was answered by 208 medical students aged 23 ± 3 years (54% male), attending a medical students congress. Results: Seventy percent of respondents pertained to medical students’ scientific societies and 34% had published in a scientific journal. Fifty two percent considered as good or very good the training level received at their universities on information retrieval and 45% considered good the training in research methodology. Thirty two percent considered as poor or none the training received in scientific writing and 37% in the publishing proce...

The main aim of this study was to establish the resistance levels to antimicrobial agents, in 222 non-pathogenic E. Coli strains of fecal origin in Peru. The proportion of resistance found to the evaluated antimicrobials was ampicillin (62.6%), cotrimoxazole (48,6%), tetracycline (43,0%) and chloramphenicol (15,8%). We emphasize the high resistance levels found for quinolones: 32% for nalidixic acid (NAL) and 12% for ciprofloxacin (CIP). These high levels of quinoloneresistance in non-pathogenic strains isolated from children in this age group highlight the extensive use and the impact of the intake of this kind of antimicrobials in the community, showing the potential risk of the loss of their utility in the area. Authors:  Pons, María J. ;  Mosquito, Susan ;  J. Ochoa, Theresa ;  Vargas, Martha ;  Molina, Margarita ;  Lluque, Angela ;  Gil, Ana I. ;  Ecker, Lucie ;  Barletta, Francesca ;  Lanata, Claudio F. ;  Del Valle, Luis J. ;...

Chilean red chili peppers contaminated with aflatoxins were reported in a previous study. If the development of gallbladder cancer (GBC) in Chile is associated with a high level of consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated red chili peppers, such peppers from other countries having a high GBC incidence rate may also be contaminated with aflatoxins. We aimed to determine whether this might be the case for red chili peppers from Bolivia and Peru. A total of 7 samples (3 from Bolivia, 4 from Peru) and 3 controls (2 from China, 1 from Japan) were evaluated. Aflatoxins were extracted with acetonitrile:water (9:1, v/v) and eluted through an immuno-affinity column. The concentrations of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and then the detected aflatoxins were identified using HPLC-mass spectrometry. In some but not all of the samples from Bolivia and Peru, aflatoxin B1 or aflatoxins B1 and B2 were detected. In particular, aflat...

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Military personnel deployed to the Amazon Basin are at high risk for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). We responded to an outbreak among Peruvian Army personnel returning from short-term training in the Amazon, conducting active case detection, lesion sample collection, and risk factor assessment. The attack rate was 25% (76/303); the incubation period was 2–36 weeks (median = 8). Most cases had one lesion (66%), primarily ulcerative (49%), and in the legs (57%). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identified Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (59/61 = 97%) and L. (V.) guyanensis (2/61 = 3%). Being male (risk ratio [RR] = 4.01; P = 0.034), not wearing long-sleeve clothes (RR = 1.71; P = 0.005), and sleeping in open rooms (RR = 1.80; P = 0.009) were associated with CL. Sodium stibogluconate therapy had a 41% cure rate, less than previously reported in Peru (70%; P < 0.001). After emphasizing pre-deployment education and other basic prevention measures, trainees in the follo...